Chromosomal instability as an architect of the cancer stemness landscape

Chromosomal instability as an architect of the cancer stemness landscape

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Despite a critical role for tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs) in breast cancer progression, major questions remain about the properties and signaling pathways essential for 9.5-4 igora vibrance their function.Recent discoveries highlighting mechanisms of CSC-resistance to the stress caused by chromosomal instability (CIN) may provide valuable new insight into the underlying forces driving stemness properties.While stress tolerance is a well-known attribute of CSCs, CIN-induced stress is distinctive since levels appear to increase during tumor initiation and metastasis.These dynamic changes in CIN levels may serve as a barrier constraining the effects of non-CSCs and shaping the stemness landscape during the early stages of disease progression.

In contrast ninkasi lager to most other stresses, CIN can also paradoxically activate pro-tumorigenic antiviral signaling.Though seemingly contradictory, this may indicate that mechanisms of CIN tolerance and pro-tumorigenic inflammatory signaling closely collaborate to define the CSC state.Together, these unique features may form the basis for a critical relationship between CIN and stemness properties.